History of Electronic music

HISTORY      STYLES     DAWS

Electronic music is the kind of music they used for their production and interpretation ofelectronic instruments and electronic music technology. In general, one can distinguishbetween sound produced using electromechanical means that produced usingelectronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound producing devices aretelarmonio, elórgano Hammond and electric guitar. The purely electronic sound production can be achieved by devices like the theremin, the sound synthesizer and computer.

Electronic music in his day was associated exclusively with a form of Western artmusic, but since late 1960, the availability of affordable music technology allowed themusic produced by electronic means to become increasingly more popular. Today, electronic music has a technical and compositional variety, ranging from forms ofexperimental art music to popular forms such as electronic dance music.

Late nineteenth and early twentieth

Telharmonium, Thaddeus Cahill, 1897The ability to record sound often associated with the production of electronic music, while not absolutely necessary to do so. The first known device capable of recording sound phonautograph was patented in 1857 by Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville.Could record sounds visually, but was not made to play them nuevo.1In 1878, Thomas A. Edison patented the phonograph, which used cylinders similar to Scott apparatus. Although the cylinders were still used for some time, Emile Berliner developed the disc phonograph in 1887. A significant invention, which later would be of great importance in electronic music was the Audion valve, the triode type, designed by Lee DeForest. This is the first thermionic valve, invented in 1906, allowing the generation and amplification of electrical signals, the radio broadcast, computer electronics, and other various applications.Prior to electronic music, there was a growing desire among composers to use emerging technologies in the field of music. Many instruments were created that employed electromechanical designs, which paved the way for the emergence of electronic instruments. An electromechanical instrument called Telharmonium (sometimes Teleharmonium or Dynamophone) was developed by Thaddeus Cahill in the years 1898-1912. However, because of their immense size, was never taken. It is usually considered as the first electronic instrument the theremin, invented by Professor Leon Theremin around 1919-1920.2 Another early electronic instrument was the Ondes Martenot, which was known to be used in the work by Olivier Messiaen Turangalila Symphony. It was also used by other composers, especially French, as Andre Jolivet.

New aesthetic of music

Main article: Ferruccio Busoni.

In 1907, just one year after the invention of the triode audion, Ferruccio Busoni published Outline of a New Aesthetic of Music, which focused on the use of both electrical and other sources in the music of the future. He wrote about the future of microtonal scales in music, made possible by Cahill Dynamophone "only through a long and careful series of experiments, and continued training of the ear, may be this unknown material accessible and plastic for the next generation, and art. "Because of this writing and through personal contact, Busoni had a profound effect on many musicians and composers, especially his disciple Edgard Varèse.[Edit] FuturismMain article: Futurism.In Italy, Futurism went to the musical aesthetic transformation from a different angle. A key idea of ​​philosophy was to assess futuristic "noise" and provide artistic and expressive value to certain sounds that previously had not been even remotely considered as being musical. The "Technical Manifesto of Futurist Music" of Balilla Pratella, published in 1911, states that their creed is "to present the musical soul of the masses, large factories, trains, cruise liners, the dreadnoughts, automobiles and airplanes. Add to the central themes of the musical poem the domain of the machine and the victorious reign of electricity. "On March 11, 1913, the futurist Luigi Russolo published his manifesto "The Art of Noise" (in Italian original, "L'arte dei Rumori"). In 1914, he organized the first concert of the "art of noises" in Milan. He used his Intonarumori described by Russolo as "acoustical noise-making elements instruments whose sounds (howls, roars, arrastramientos, gurgles, etc..) Were manually activated and projected by winds and megaphones." In June, similar concerts were organized in Paris.

Synthesizers

See also: Minimoog and KorgMoog, in late 1963, he met experimental composer Herbert Deutsch, who, in their search for new electronic sounds, inspired to create his first Moog synthesizer, the Moog Modular SynthesizerThe Moog, although it was known earlier by the educational community and musical, was presented to society in the fall of 1964, when Bob was demonstrated during the Convention of the Audio Engineering Society (Audio Engineering Societen) held in Los Angeles. In this convention, Moog has already received its first orders, and business took off.Moog Music company grew dramatically during the early years, becoming known as Wendy Carlos edit the album Switched on Bach. Bob designed and marketed new models such as the Minimoog's first portable version of the Moog Modular, Moog Taurus (pedal keyboard an octave of extension, with bass and treble transposition), the Polymoog (polyphonic 100% first model), the MemoryMoog (polyphonic, amounted to six MiniMoog's in one), the MinitMoog, the Moog Sanctuary, etc.Moog, failed to manage well your company and this step have waiting lists nine months of receiving not a single order. Burdened by debt, lost control of the company, which was acquired by an investor, but continued to design musical instruments for him until 1977, when he left Moog Music and moved to a small town in the Appalachian Mountains. Without Bob, the Moog Music went down shortly after.KORG in 1967 went to Kato Engineering Mieda Fumio, who wanted to start the construction of musical keyboards. Powered by Mieda enthusiasm, Kato asked to build a prototype keyboard and 18 months after he filed a court Mieda programmable. The company Keio sold the organ under the name Korg, made from the combination of his name with the word body, in English (Organ).Produced by Keio bodies were successful in the late 60's and early 70's but, aware of the competition with the major manufacturers of bodies established, Kato decided to use technology to build electronic organ keyboards aimed at market synthesizers. In fact, the first synthesizer Keio (MiniKorg) was introduced in 1973. After the success of this instrument, Keio introduced several low-cost synthesizers during the 70's and 80's under the brand Korg.